Debut Albums and Hell Risen Youth

Charming and dexterous beyond this universe. I am Traveon, an angel blessed and hell arise youth. As the Prince of California, I look to expand my territory, and make Arizona a part of my domain. I am the son, of Timothy Presley and Jamie Freeman. I shit helped teen children, build dreams, not even they could destroy. I oblige helped, the Queen of my birth, through with(predicate) many obstacles in which she too, has returned the favor. What you see on the outside, is not, what is on the inside.You see tattoos, and in that location shall be many more. My body is, and for ever will be, marked up so those who seek to see my inside shall understand, this sacred soul. I have many skills, and am known as the best. A beast on the gridiron, I am called and known, as a Goblin. When I step on the field, I transform. I become Ferocious, Powerful, and Callous. Not the biggest, but I have proven to be ticking time bomb, test me, and feel my wrath. l, bravo of the holy ground, have been no ticed, for my destruction.With a full-ride scholarship, I wait for more offers. My inferiors talk of the town sweet in my face, and curse me behind my back. Jealous of my accomplishment, I acquit them no mind, whether it is good or bad, its Just fuel to my fire. No depend what they say, I will never back down, or never dope off focus, because they cannot deny, nor will they get in the way of my mission, Dominance. I close my eyes, and listen, as Lucifer plans to lead me in the wrong direction, he loathes my success.It does not degree me in any ay, for the creator of all man, has given me enough strength, to take the air past his facile and futile attempts to fluster me, and knock me off course. I continue in the same direction as I started, straight, the genitals in the always remain in this direction, no matter how a good deal my father neglects me, or how often he denies ever forgetting me and blames our separation, on the comfortable princess that raised me. He only want s me to carry his name, he knows what IVe become, and only sees that my time to come is promising.I hold his blood, but I have already found my father, Blaine Freeman. I will no longer let the dread of my familys drama sink my dedication or failure, my happiness or my sorrow, I have switch it. Pain is something I do not express, I hate the pity, I only wish to pursue my dreams, I will not take or be humble, and I will make it to the top. It will not take too much longer though I am already way ahead of everyone else.

How Does William Shakespeare introduce the themes of love and hate in Romeo and Juliet?

In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespe are shows beautifully constructed language in the Prologue and Act 11 to illustrate the love of the star crossed lovers and the abuse share from the Capulets and the Montagues, the ongoing contention over something feeble enough that it doesnt pull down select to be explained of how it came about. Throughout the correspond, we see how the love collides with the hate in a way that t to each onees the ii ho customholds how imbecilic the situation is. Not only has Shakespeare utilize elegant language, but he has also used a spell of techniques to present the key ascendents.The prologue, something that is already usually indite as a love poem, has been interpreted in some different shipway and as I read the script, I even think of other ways it could be displayed.The Prologue is traditionally 14 lines long, each line holding close to 10 syllables each.Two households, both alike in dignity.The Rhyming turning away is A, B, A, B, C, D, C, D, E, F, E, F, G, G (the last lines baring on a rhyming couplet).thither are four atoms in the Prologue (traditionally in a sonnet), but Shakespeare has written it in a particular way so that it can be broken down into three sections. The different sections establish different things. The frontmost one introduces the setting of the playIn fair Verona (where we lay our persuasion)This shows the Prologue as being some sort of a slug for the play.The next section familiarizes the biz and also involves some conflict into the story the hate of the two households mixed with the love of the two teenagers.Doth with their death bury their parents strife.This automatically throws guard to the audience and turns Romeo and Juliet from a regular play, into a love tragedy. Shakespeare allegedly wrote 37 plays and they have been broken down into three categories Comedy, Historical and Tragedy. Tragedy is real affective because of the dramatic effects that can be produced from it. Shakespeare was masterful at involving different dramatic effects through techniques. A key line of business of tragedy and comedy is that the tragedys main characters are often portrayed as really heroic and selfless ones, as to add the sense of unassumingness to the script, whereas with his comedy plays, this of course did not matter.One of Shakespeares techniques can be considerably found in the Prologue and is reoccurring in Act 11 is the use of Oxymorons. An oxymoron is a phrase, usually two words placed next to each other in a sentence where the two words are usually contradictory. Oxymoron is an oxymoron in itself, for the oxy is Greek for sharp and moron is Greek for dull. An face of an oxymoron in the Prologue isThe fearful passage of their death-marked loveThe final section of the Prologue states that the die out of the star-crossed lovers that are Romeo and Juliet is the only way to end the tilt.Which but their childrens end zippo could remove.The final three lines of this tanta lising opening to the play are talk of the town directly to the audienceThe which if you with patient ears attend.This enforces the idea of the Prologue being a trailer even more.The originally chorus spoken Prologue has been interpreted in many different ways.In Franco Zeffirellis 1968 version, the film opens with the Prologue being narrated. This is delivered calmly, as to give the action as more of an jolt to the audience afterwards.Baz Luhrmann maiden presents the Prologue as a news report. This gives off a modern day equivalent of the Prologue, demo instantly how Luhrmann has decided to direct the film. After the news report, the prologue is repeated as an over voice. The voice gives off the same omniscient feel as in Franco Zeffirellis version as it has been placed in the hands of friar Lawrence. This is a cleverly picked character, as it is one who has an alliance with God, and therefore appears even more Godly.The Prologue is much(prenominal) a crucial ele ment to the s cript, as it outlines the accurate play and foreshadows future events therefore the way different productions have presented is very important.Act 11 starts with Samson and Gregory in a globe place, acting jokily and being troublesome. This is apparent from when two serving men from the house of Montague enter.Different interpretations of the characters entrances symbolize what the directors see the characters as. In Luhrmanns version, the Montagues and Capulets are set forth as the boys giving the sense that the challenger and arguments of the two households are passably petty and childish.The Montague Boys act in a childish way themselves, which creates a great contrast to the other, deadly serious half of the scene. It also makes a huge contrast to the Capulets when they enter. Their characters are shown as unsympathetic, merciless and ruthless men. Luhrmann again represents the modern day version by setting the fight in a petrol station.Zeffirellis version is much more min imalist. The entire scene is set in a market, where Sampson and Gregory and striding through arrogantly. As the two households collect eyes, each characters obnoxiousness increases.Do you bite your thumb at us, sir? I do bite my thumb, sir.This quarrel between Abram and Sampson opens the argument, unraveling the entire scene.Benvolio (a Montague), enters an argument and as Tybalt confronts, the fight commences. It is soon called to a halt, as the Prince arrives and attempts to make himself heard. Again, in this speech, Shakespeare uses something alike(p) to an oxymoron an antithesis. This is where the opposite words arent necessarily placed together. He uses this is in the first line of his speechRebellious subjects, enemies to peace.Profaners of this neighbor-stained steelThis is referring to their swords.This measly attempt to end a fight that has developed so greatly has failed, and so he tries again. here(predicate) we find another technique of Shakespeare.Purple fountains i ssuing from your veinsHere he has used fountains as a metaphor for blood. A fountain, where water supply is provided, water is a traditional symbol of the source of life, so a fountain of blood is now transformed into an image of horror. Shakespeare also describes the quarreling households as beasts to denote his anger and how confused he is of such beastliness of them (this sensation is greatly shared with Romeo later in the play).Throw your mistemperd weapons to the ground.The weapons are mistempered in the sense that they are angry, that is, used by angry men.In the Princes speech, we charge the first talk of past encounters of Montague and CapuletHave thrice disturbd the quiet of our streets.The disruption has prevented any peace for the two households, but throughout the entire play there is not any word of how the disturbance came about to deject with. However, there are clues as to what it could be. For example, there is a running theme of religion throughout the play, wi th the powerful character of Father Laurence and the religious attitudes of the households, with the church building being a reoccurring set could religion be the reason for the rivalry?When the fight had been calmed by the Prince and when the air was cleared, Lady Montague askedO where is Romeo? Saw you him instantly?Romeo, one who has not been involved in this quarrel in anyway, is lock in pining over his current love Rosaline. As Romeo enters the scene, he is modify with love. As he talks with Benvolio, thoroughly disappointed with the fight that had yet occurred, through Shakespeare, oxymorons are reintroduced. Romeo does not comprehend the ongoing rivalry, the torment and hatred and so he saysFeather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick healthThis is poetically used to contrast the households violence to his love for Rosaline. As the plot moves on, the love for Rosaline is replaced by Juliet, where the love is much greater, and as the love grows, uncannily, the rivalry g rows at the same scale. The theme of Romeos hastiness is clear as he jumps from love to love, and again clear as he rushes into marriage with Juliet.Romeo and Juliet has such a big mixture of emotions because it has three excessive themes that all link up in together ruining the paths of each character. These themes are tragedy, romance and rivalry and they keep Shakespeares most familiar tragedy one of the most kindle and enchanting script of all time.

Macbeth Coursework Essay

In this essay I will be looking at Act 2, pics 1 and 2 of Macbeth and producing a detailed analysis of the videos, providing examples of how I would direct them and comparing this with how it may fill been directed in Shakespe ars day. I will alike be dis ensn areeing the context in which the converge was written and wrangleing the impact this had on Shakespe argons writing.I am background signal Macbeth in the clip period of which it was originally set in, the 11th century. To assert historical accuracy, the actors will withal be dressed in k ignominiousnessly clothing and so their outfits wont be that grand unless practical and warm, broaches and smocks. The scenery that I will book will be of a built up castle with a staircase and an hurrying level and as well as a curtain to fall in front with just an empty field for front-of-tabs work when they are non near a castle. The format will there for put one across to be set in open-end staging.I have kept with the original s tote uple horse for many reasons champion is that people were to a greater extent suspicious at that time and were a lot more(prenominal) than likely to believe that there are witches that make psychic predictions, in addition less foolish that Macbeth believes them if it was set in time when people were less sceptical toward the supernatural. If it was set in newfangled day Macbeth would be seen as foolish to believe them and put his look at risk for things that they have verbalize are truths.A nonher dishonor with setting it in modern day is that if somebody, especially the King, was slaughtered pastce the body would have to undergo a full forensic search. It would attend implausible that if a monarchy was killed for the blame to go to onto his children purely because they fled, if it was set in a time where they could just check the DNA on the weapons that you receipt are left there. I am too setting it consequently to make the story looking at more rea l. As that is when the real Macbeth walked and talked, scour so falsified the story is. So it counted best to set it in the time it was meant to have keep backn place.When Banquo and Fleance enter at the start of the Act, Fleance is holding a great mullein to designate it is puritanic. This fits with their conversation near the night, because if they were just move slightly reflection it was dark but without try outing any signs of not beingnessness subject to see, then it would just wait unrealistic.Before Macbeth leaves to kill Duncan he should take the necklace instaling symbol that he is Thane of Cawdor moody and confront that he is no longer that. He should also wear a red fit out to symbolise the tune, as if it is surrounding him, it should be tied up around his neck and when he is aromaing the impact of what he did it should be as if it is so tight it is chocking him, the blood, or his deed, are chocking him.The scene is set in Dunsdane castle at night, M acbeths castle. We know that it is g wholeness midnight from Banquo and Fleances conversation. This would go the audience when Shakespeare wrote Macbeth, in Jacobean England, people were superstitious and witching bit was gloss over believed and feared. Also night was the time when bad things happen, it was associated with evil, witchcraft and isolated acts.Also it was common believed at the time that the good and righteous were in far before it got dark as the day is for the good and the night for the evil, the time where dark deeds took place. The steps of the castle behind show that it is set in the courtyard of Macbeths castle. They are walking crosswise stage but sooner tardily as to fit in the text as it makes sense for them to be runing somewhere, as it would search inappropriate for them to just be standing out in the dark and the cold. Historically Banquo and Macbeth were best friends and both to lay downher killed the King. But Shakespeare, who knew that King crow d 1, the current king, was a descendant of Banquo and thought it best not to show him as being evil. It would displease the King to show his ancestor as treasonous, so he decided to make him out as bare and good and for him to try and discourage Macbeth from killing Duncan. By having Banquo out afterwards dark when the bad and evil were supposedly out may have been Shakespeares way of communicating this to the audience in a discrete manner, one that the King could not fret around.The things that I would add to the start of the scene are that the lighting should be dull and dimly lit to show that it is dark with a few small lights at the top as they are referenced. This just adds to the feel of the night. Also the sound effects of crickets, heedless of whether there would be any again reference to the night it would add to the suspense.In the scene between Banquo and Fleance, Banquo has greater authority over Fleance as he refers to him as Sir.I taket, tis later, sirSo therefore when onstage Banquo involve to show that he is of higher(prenominal) status and so needs to look slew at him. Fleance needs to be played instead introvertedly and be more hunched and talk softer and at a higher pitch than Banquo, as that will show his age.When Macbeth (and his servant) enters he should scrape up from the foeman side of the stage from where Banquo and Fleance are. So Macbeth enters from the side where stairs are nigh and all four of them head toward the stairs when they spot each other. His servant is standing downstage to him when they are talking as it shows the lesser magnificence of him in both status and the play.When Banquo and Macbeth are talking they start to discuss the three witches.I had a dream about the three spiritual sister. To youthey have shown some truth.This shows that Banquo may be out after dark as he was having bad dreams. Macbeth should await taken aback at this statement as if he was at that time, mobiliseing about them, except de nies it.I think not of them.Banquo doesnt believe him and stays suspicious of him, seeming unsure what to say and the atmosphere is instead uncomfortable as Macbeth is suspicious that Banquo suspects what he is planning on doing.They are friends as hale so they have to speak pleasantly and they also would not discuss possible murder plots in frount of Banquos son. Banquo must seem as if he is sizing Macbeth up, to see whether he would actually do that. So he has to be looking at him intently.In Macbeths monologue after he sends his servant away, he pauses and then in suppress starts to pace, as if trying to think about what to do as he is torn. You hear a door open in the distance and he jumps, showing that he is on-edge and anxious. He also appears to be muttering to himself, which again shows that he is running through his thoughts on the matter.In centre stage a manikin that is dressed in black produces a prickle from their costume. Macbeth sees this and walks over curiousl y, as he cannot see the strain. When he tries to grab it, the figure moves it just out of his way. This suggests that there is supernatural intervention. When the paster goes towards Duncans manner the figure dressed in black is beckoning to him and Macbeth seems transfixed on the stumper by his speech as also as he never takes his eyes off it. Just before blood appears on the dagger in the script, the figure seems to stab itself and the blood appears just on the blade. This is say Macbeth to what he must do. The black figure then produces a bakshish above their head and places it on genuinely slowly during his talk of murder and ghost and rape. When the bell rings though the crown is taken off and again is invisible.Macbeths voice at first when talking about the dagger, should seem entranced with it, as if it is drawing him in. He loses his sense of guiltiness and reaches out for it as if he was a cat just bat at the object. He should also sound shocked and confused that h e cant touch it, so it seems as though the witches are definitely putting a spell on him.The cable system genius seems dead should be said very slowly and definite, after that strain it should brook gradually and with more emphasis on the words. Also he should pause after Moves like a ghost. It shows his worry and nerve, also the use of the word ghost connects it with death. In the last bit the figure produces a crown and Macbeth is determined to get it. By this time he has developed more dignity, and so he does not try and aimlessly bat around. He also appears to grow taller and in doing so makes him seem more worthy of Kingliness. When he says the last section of his soliloquy, the first line should be said whilst walking halfway up the stairs.He stop and looks around whilst truism Hear it not, Duncan. He then walks to the top of the stairs whilst apothegm for it is knell. He looks over to the audience to say to summon thee to Heaven, but the looks over to where he is exiti ng to say or to hell This is said manically with a gruffer feeling and with eyes open wider and the dagger held above his head as he runs off set. This section conveys the atmosphere of the night, it describes the night as being dark and dangerous. Which is conveyed by the use of personification, Macbeth compares the night to the evil deed such as murder, witchcraft and rape. It also again forewarns the terrible deeds that are soon to take place.At the beginning of Act 2 Scene 2 there should be sounds of wind in the background to show something bad is coming, this is a use of pathetic fallacy. This will make viewers think as to whether the deed has taken place yet. The audience should feel in suspense and want to know what has gone on. The lights should again be duller as it is still night, and the darkness on stage can also reflect the grey areas of the play that have not been revealed yet. maam Macbeth, when talking, should come across as bolder and more confident than what you would think from a adult female of her time. She should talk extrovertly and seem to get a sense of pleasure from what is happening, so she should look quite smug, she seems to have no remorse. You can tell that this is her outside shell as as soon as she hears the owls hoot, she panics and jumps but manages to regain her composition quickly.As when she says, harken Peace This shows her panicking when she says Hark but then she realises that is nothing as so redeems herself by saying peace. She should enter from upstairs but the other side to Macbeth and should seem quite elated and with a smug sense of accomplishment as she meanders down the stairs and into the courtyard. She also actually freezes when she hears the owl. She is seen as dominating and so being strong relates to her being forceful before. The fact that she seems so jumpy is a contradiction to her otherwise confident manner, this shows that maybe deep down she isnt so confident as is let on. That she only shows thi s exterior as to cover up the fact that she isnt as strong as she wishes to be.When she says if he had not resembled my father as he slept it should be said looking away from Macbeth. This shows her reluctance to show off her weakness and it shows that she did not truly want to admit that to him, as if she though that it would make her seem weaker. It should also be said very monosyllabic, as to mask her feelings. This shows she does feel and does have emotions, but she chooses never to let anything but her rock firm exterior to be shown. Also that she is not as tough as she wants people to believe.When Macbeth returns with the daggers he should be in shock, to show what he did still hasnt really sunk in and he doesnt really believe what he did. He should talk in with a soft, antonymous tone as if he is not really concentrating on what he is doing. He should also not focus on anything as if he is far away, he should look through objects, not at them. When he says, Theres one did laugh ins sleep, and one cried Murder it is more to himself and when he is saying the speech around this he should never look at Lady Macbeth.He should seem more transfixed at the daggers. Lady Macbeth should talk with an to the highest degree hungry tone as she craves the power that it gives her. When she notices the daggers in his hands she has to seem quite discredit of his stupidity. When she says, Why did you bring these from the place? She has to say it as if she cannot possibly control why he did that, also very patronising. When Macbeth enters he is upstairs and Lady Macbeth is at the bottom and when they talk at the beginning of the scene, he is walking as they talk. He should seem shaky and closed. Lady Macbeth goes over to him, to go and comfort him but he pulls away and is transfixed with his hands and the blood on them, Lady Macbeth should also seem a bit put out by his rejection.Macbeth is filled with guilt so much he is controlled by it, so he cannot say Amen. Thi s is important as in Jacobean time, they were still very religious times, so by flunk to be able to say the ending of a prayer shows how hellish this deed was. It shows a connection with the devil and being apart from God. He also talks about sleep, he describes it as being tremendous and relief, a blessing. When he was saying, Sleep no more, he is saying that this is a terrible punishment, sleep was taken away from him because he took a life.Lady Macbeth should seem forceful and annoyed still that he had rejected her earlier. She is very bossy and seems to be able to control and manipulate Macbeth, sluice though he is a strong warrior. Lady Macbeth is practical and keeps her head in their predicament, but this is quite misleading as later in the play she goes mad from the guilt of what she has done. So you know then that she doesnt find it as simple as she lets on.We see a crease in their characters by how they perceive the blood on their hands from the daggers. Macbeth uses a hyperbole by saying that all Neptunes water could not wash the blood away, so he is exaggerating and is talking more about the emotional scarring that that would leave him with. That nothing could possibly wash away what he did, no amount of water could make him forget. But Lady Macbeth scarcely talks about how slow it is then as she describes only how easy it is to physically wash it off. She does not think of the guilt, only on how to get out of the blame.The dramatic effect of the knocking is that people are open-eyed and that they can be found at any point. Somebody could arrive, also shown by the knocking as you knock to enter when you arrive. Macbeth should not seem jumpy as he is not really certified of whats going on around him as he still hasnt consciously awoken. Lady Macbeth should seem more aware of it as she is more aware of what they have done.During the whole of Lady Macbeths soliloquy, Macbeth should very slowly being playing with the water in the bucket, also t o be gaze very intently at it, and sounds of water movement. When Macbeth says to know my deed, twere best not know myself. He says it directly at Lady Macbeth, looking consecutive into her eyes as if willing her to understand him. When the knocking is finally getting to Macbeth he should suddenly outburst and talk very loud, almost shouting, force out Duncan with thy knocking This shows that the knocking and what he did are starting to really get to him, he is more aware of the knocks when he become more aware of what he did. The voice is also a contrast to his distant and excite voice straight after he killed Duncan. Yet when he says, I wish thou couldst. To be said softer and more inwardly, said more to himself, he should also bow his head as it shows his remorse for what he has done and his wish to reverse it.My play differs in many slipway from what it would have been showed in Shakespeares day, as there is more technology and equipment in theatres now than they did then. In Shakespeares time there wasnt backdrops, bound props and not very much in the way of scenery. Whereas, in my play there is an entire wall of a castle with a staircase and an upstairs for the actors to go in certain parts of the play, also there is a background of a forest for later on in the play. Underneath the stage is an area that opens up for the witches to go in when needed. These things they wouldnt have been able to do in Shakespeares day, I am also using more advanced lighting then they would have then as well. Also the costumes that I use are from medieval time, whereas they were in Elizabethan dress when they were first performed.The audience would be different now as in Shakespeares day, the arena was a bit of a commotion, people talked, traded, drank. But nowadays, Shakespeares plays are seen almost as religious and the whole theatre is in silence. You are scolded if you even dare to cough. Also as people dont have the same belief in witches and the supernatural as they did then, the story seems quite far-fetched, but it is still regarded as one of the greatest plays even written. Which is contradictory to the belief at the time.I think that my ideas are effective and also they are original, for example, my idea for Macbeths soliloquy, which, to my knowledge, hasnt been used before. I think that it will be effective as I feel I have captured the characters in the way that they were written by Shakespeare and it stays very close to the original setting and so stays traditional.

Easy Jet

The grocerying auditis a fundamental startle of the selling planning service. It is conducted non only at the beginning of the process, only in any case at a series of points during the implementation of the plan. The merchandising audit considers twain internal and external captivates on selling planning, as nearly as a review of the plan itself 1. Environmental Audict on lax natural spring(the factors that support influnce the play a spacious) A)Five porters forces *Threats from saucy entrants When bran- advanced air lanes enter the market ,how they ad union easy atomic number 19 *Threats from subsititue reapings to a greater extent(prenominal) options to go to a terminal figure such as b customs, checker.. ow these things presume easy jet *Bargaining forcefulness of suppliers if plane settler factories sell planes with a lavishly determine ,how this be active the easy jets finance *Bargaining business leader of debauchers for causa easy jet bring forths a contract with plane factories for 10 days with the fixed charge so the factory bottomlandt cast up the price during this sentence. Bargaining lets you buy products at a cheaper rate * indispensable Rivalry Internal competation ,easy jet fight against different flight paths Threat of substitutes-this house be anything that can be a substitute to roaring outpouring or airline industry in command.For instance, a nonher airline with even sm totally(a)er prices, consumers opting to subprogram other modes of transport (trains for instance). When Heatrow was hit by that huge fog secure forward Christmas and no planes were flying, Eurostar trains were suddenly all booked. I would think, however, that for wanton viridity, in that respect would be no big scourge of substitutes. There is a threat of ever growing competition scarce this isnt the case of substitutes. Substitues ar in other words me too products which argon slight likely to occur in airline industry o r military helper industry then in FMCG. I think. Buyers-here you can list down any mathematical threats from buyers.This is where you hang at the relationship between low-cal tarry and its signed consumers. How strong is at large(p) common discolouration? Do consumers believe in, and to, Easy spurt? argon they loyal to Easy Jet or do they switch to other airlines with no real or perceived risks? If yes, why? If non, why non? Do consumers accommodate alternative to Easy Jet? If yes, and I would learn they do, how does the relationship between Easy Jet and its consumers channelize? Who has greater supplement in this relationship, consumers or Easy Jet? Who is more than dependable on whom, why and to what extent? Etc Ask as umpteen questions as you can and you pass on get your answer.Talk to few ane who has utilise Easy Jet services, film them what they liked and disliked about it, would they use it again and why, how do they intuitive feeling about Easy Jet, h ow did they learn to fly with Easy Jet, pull up s removes they take on Easy Jet again B)Swot analysis 4 main strenghts and the confrontation ones atomic number 18 for weaknesses *Finance *Technology *HR Department *Reputation and semipublic figure EasyJet telephone lineline Company Limited Strengths * EasyJet is a leading endurer of down in the mouth reckon, no frills air strikeservicing many of the leading urban center destinations in the UK and cross shipway Europe, including Berlin, Amsterdam, Barcelona, and Prague. They detect a high quality service at plain-enterprise(a) prices and crack cocaine a number of features including ticket slight travel, network arriere pen rule and assisted travel services. * They nurse ahighly distinctive manner of speakingon their fleet of aircraft making them easily recognisable and distinguishing them from their competitors. * They bring on auser neighbourly websitewhich fully discloses the price breakdown of the passengers planned travel. fling a full breakdown of the price plan prevents any underc all over charges when the customer con potents at that place arriere pensee. EasyJet offers an online promotion alert which is e-mailed to existing customers and contact on the companys database. * Recognised as a leading brand name in the UK travel industry. * As a market attractor in an industry widely seen as a leading reader to the green house ready and global warming, EasyJet actively embrace there surroundingsal responsibilities and continue to accommodate these factors as a keep precession when developing their future strategies. * EasyJet operate a fast and efficient service with an average turnaround time of 30 minutes or be let loose.This enables them to agree a reliable and hassle free service to their passengers. * For the case study,planes and turnaround times means to take short time on departure,use of net profit,financial place The easy brand is a well known brand across the U K andsome atomic number 18as of Europe. It is knownfor low bell for the masses which is implied by their orange culture. They require to paint the worldorange, implying that they want to provide goods and services at the lowest possible price. easyJeteasyJet only offers a single hail class. Its pricing strategy is to offer quantify for coin and this isdoneby keeping lives to aminimum.Unit constitutes ar keptlow by eliminating travel agents, maintaining highaircraft utilisation, focusing on internet sales, eliminating unnecessary service frills, operating a fleet ofsimilar aircraft and establishing long-run agreements with suppliers. One of the key strengths of easyJet has been the utilisation of the internet. easyJet bookings over theinternet relate toover 92% of total sales andis expected to increase. They see themselves asbecomingthe first internet only airline. Strengths Cheap tickets. A simple-minded f ar structure. Image, differentiation on price andbrand. Commitm ent to customer service. Multi-base network. Strong corporate culture. Flexibility to change bookings on theinternet. Lower be than theestablished airlines Weaknesses * Domestic air travel is an extremely agonistic industry withEasyJets main competitors universe Jet2, BMI Baby, Ryan Air plus a host of smaller independent competitors. These external competitive forces can restrict and shape pricing policy on some ofEasyJets less profitable routes as they set about to compete with their competitors. * They do not offer a free aliment service on longer flights of 2 hours plus. asyJet has many weaknesses but the main include the neglect of service,flexibility and byplay focus makingthe cheap exampleunappealing tobusiness travellers. Businesstravellers atomic number 18 not included within easyJets business model. Since kinsfolk 11 businesstravellers count for 50% of passengers and indeed should be a target for marketing and should be included inthe business model. This c an be seen as a weakness for not targeting this segment. easyJets business model also relies on tidy sum flying more often. However, there is a contrast as to howoften people fly.The ingathering is not infinitive, it is possible that the low-cost market go out be saturated. It result rent it off to a point when the low-cost airlines leave alone not be able to stimulate any more need fromlow prices. (CPRE The Future Development of Air Transport in the UK, July 2003 Weaknesses Pilots over 65 atomic number 18 not allowed to fly overFrance, Italy and Portugal. No guaranteed departure. No only children under age of 16. No autopilot. Lack of service, flexibility and business focusmake the low-cost model unappealing tobusiness travellers. Focus on price and convenience is stretch its pin down.Differentiation will be difficult. Due to quick success it is difficult to recruitand train raw(a) module. No customer retention scheme Opportunities * Possible possible action o f alternative routes to major cities in Europe. A key route could be from Dublin to the UK, as this has a king-sized probable for travellers going to association football matches in the UK plus new links into corporate flyers to and from the UK. * Offering of free refreshments on flights with a travel time of over two and a half hours. This would offer an extra perk and comfort to passengers making their receive with EasyJet all the more comfortable and enjoyable. Updated versions of the fly on the wall documentaries would provide the brand with more coverage and publicity. The opportunities in the industry mainly come from the Eexpansion. On the 1st ofMay 2004, 10 countries will be connective theEU. Thus, the EUs membership will beexpanded from 15to 25 countries. The new states include instituteer members of the Eastern Block and smaller islandstates. (bized. ac. uk) These are Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,Poland and the Slovak Republi c.Further EU expansion is expected in 2007 when Bulgaria andRomania are hoping to join the EU, while Turkey is now currently negotiating its membership. (europa. eu. int)The addition of more than one hundred million people to the EUs market of 370 million will present anopportunity for further growthfor the low-cost airline industry. easyJet has already announce its newroutes from Luton, Berlin and Dortmund aerodromes to Budapest (Hungary) and from Stansted airport toLjubljana (Slovenia). (easyJet. com) Threats * Competitors flying the same routes compete very competitively on price forcing pressure on margin on more popular flights and time slots. External market forces can have a significant impact onEasyJets business, e. g. the rising cost of anele can have a significant impact on travel rapidly costs putting significant pressure on the gainfulness of less popular routes and time slots. * Pressure from unions and employee relations committees can signifigantly impact on the day to day operations with strikes proving to be very pricey to the companys image. * Economic downturn may lead to a subside in casual flyers and corporate travel as companies seek to hold what they see as unnecessary expenditure and in turn make less business trips. Financial Analysis Within thelow-cost/no-frills(prenominal)airline industry inthe UK,Ryanairis easyJets maincompetitor. Inevaluating thefinancial capital punishment ofeasyJet, itis thence useful tocompare its performance withthatof Ryanair. For the purpose ofthiscomparison, we will be making use of anumber of ratioswhose formulae follow that of FAME. The data employ for this financial analysis are easyJets unauditedpreliminary results for their financial year cease 30 September 2003, which provided results for boththe year shutdown30 September 2002 and2003.Ryanairs financial year-end however is 31March 2004. Therefore inorder to obtain data thatwould be forthwith comparable, itwas necessary to use data fromthe ir half-year which ends 30 September 2002 and 2003, and to use figures taken from their financialyear end 31 March 2002 and 2003. This enabled us to obtain figures for a full 12 months ending 30September 2002 and 2003. For a quick overview of all ratios refer to Appendix 3 and detail of allcalculationsare contained inAppendix4. All financialreports were obtained from downloadsavailable onwww. easyjet. comandwww. ryanair. com.The first quantitative set of data tobe analysed is the Profit and Loss Account. This deals with therunning of the business, i. e. the amount of turnover, the cost of what has been change, the expensesgenerated during the year and of course the profit that has been do, perhaps the figure that theshareh honest-to-goodnesss are most(prenominal) interestedin, but thereare other criteria thatcould affect the profitability of thecompany PEST analysis for easyJet The following factors are likely to have an influence on the airline industry and should therefore be taken into account when formulating a marketing Plan for easyJet.Politico-legal factors Threat of war in the diaphragm East The Air Miles scheme is not considered as a dutiable perk by the government in the way that company cars are taxed which may change to allow easyJet to compete on more live grounds with the likes of BA. A EU east-enlargement may provide access to viable, new markets. Economic factors Likelihood of increase evoke costs, congestion and other environsal restrictions, as well as the prospect of higher security and insurance policy costs to reflect the risk of terrorism. As the recession is likely to stand firm for some more time, business travellers will keep an eye on their travel expenses. Globalisation should continue to boost traffic in the long-term. The knowledgeableness of the single currency in Europe is likely to bring more business to easyJet as Europe sours more integrated. Socio-cultural factors To win over the French and German publics might cause problems as there appears still to be a general reluctance to use credit cards over the phone and Internet . The public are general quite friendly to the prospect of cheap flights.However they may feel begrudged where they see promotions found in newspapers where flight are for ? 10 only to find that the actual cost is much higher for the particular time or day they longing to fly on. Technological factors A key issue will be the extent to which technological advancements such as the use of the Internet on dissemination and cost synergies from industry consolidation can offset upwards pressures on prices and costs. easyJet has to keep track of technological developments in the field of e-commerce and aircraft manufacture in order to gain a competitive return. CONTINUE..The business environment is a set of political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal factors otherwise know as PESTLE analysis. These factors are not controlled by the busi ness. Which means that businesses must(prenominal) change quickly as the environment changes. These macro factors have a prescribed or negative impact on the business. The political factor can be affected finished tax policies as Easyjet are supercharged with landing in different countries, employment laws, environment regulations, trade restrictions, tariffs and the government. The economic factor is forever changing with prices constantly fluctuating.For example oil prices increasing affects boilersuit profits for the company which in return affects how much money Easyjet can invest on improving the airline or talent back to the communities. Baines, Phil and Page (2008a) explain firms are effected by environmental issues such as wage inflation, price inflation, gross domestic product and income sales and corporation taxes. From the social aspect this looks highly on s instauration go of the airline and its staff and passengers. Which then attracts passengers to fly again af ter creation ensured of safe and secure flights.To keep up in technology Easyjet must be internet dependant as flights are booked and go over via the internet. Therefore customers need to be satisfied with a quick and simple service. Easyjet also have a great career attitude which commits staff to be up to a excellent standard of service. Technology plays a huge factor within Easyjet as it has to rely hugely on the reliance of technology. Also as things improve technology becomes cheaper which means barriers to entry could be move for competitors to join which could affect the profit of Easyjet. Barriers to entry are designed to block potential entrants from entering a market profitably.They seek to protect the monopoly power of existing firms in an industry and therefore maintain supernormal profits in the long run. Barriers to entry have the effect of making a market less contestable. (Tutor2u n. d) To prevent this explore and development expenditure can act as an obstruction to potential entrants to industry PEST analysis PEST analysis is chosen, to look at the possible business environmental impacts that may affect theindustry and easyJet. It can be used to infer a variety of trends, manakins and projections which willinfluence easyJets future strategical decisions (ACCA 2004).PEST analysis was chosen over SLEPTanalysis as we found it difficult to recite between legal and political factors. The legal issubsumed into political. Consideration will be made to the political, economic, social and technologicalenvironments that may affect the industry and easyJet in the future. semipolitical Environment The industry and easyJet must react to any regulations that are obligate by the political party and thecorporate governance code. The EU compensation thought that will take affect in 2005 is currently beingchallenged by easyJet as well as other airlines.If this challenge is unsuccessful then it would meanincreases, inlegal battles, compensation payouts andoverall increases in costs. Asa result, fareprices easyJetwill increase and demand will fall. This would makeit very difficult to seethe future for thelow-costindustry. Expansion of the UK airport system will play a major role in the future of the airlines growth model. Stansted is expected to have one additional runway and terminal, increasing UK air traffic growth to402 million by 2020, 501 million passengers by 2030 (Mintel report 2003).The government are seeingthe benefits that the aviation industry can bring to the country. The question that remains to beanswered is, for how long are the government willing to help the growth of the industry before theystart to intervene? Any intervention from the government is likely to be costly in the future to theindustry. Economic Environment The government may decide to impose taxes onthe industry. A possible introduction ofa dark-green tax,a tax on fuel to try and reduce the contaminant that it causes, would increase the costs and as a result couldraise easyJets fares by more than 20% (Financial Times, 1 stNovember 2003). Also the ? 6 billionworth of subsidies that is currently stock from the government may be reduced over time to limit thegrowth of the industry. The growth of the industry may need to be controlled to keep taint to aminimum. As subsidies decrease there will bean adverse affect onfare prices causing demand to fall. This will also affect the business model as it would need to be revisited. The recent rises in the UK interest rate, which currently stand at 4%, has increased the publicsliabilities.People have less disposable income and as a result are less likely to travel afield. Theincreases will also affect easyJetss loan repayments on its new order of aircrafts. At present, paymentsrelating tothe purchase are notincluded in the hedgingpolicy and therefore will affect the liabilities ofeasyJet. Social and Culturalenvironment The UK population as a whole are aging, people are living longer. The number of people between theage of 25 and 34 has been decreasing but the age convocation between 55 and 64 are expected to increasefrom 2005 (Mintel report 2003).The older age group tends to have more disposable income (SAGAholidays target this group) and therefore should be targeted more by easyJet. Saying this, youngerpeople who have less disposable income are now starting to go abroad for their holidays. This meansthat the airline industry is attracting more potential passengers because of their low fares. Technologicalenvironment easyJeteasyJets use of the internet needs to be enhanced, they are aiming to become the first web-onlyairline.Currently 92% of their tickets are sold online and improving this figure will bring cost savingwhich in turn couldbe passed onto the consumers. This will make easyJet more competitive on price. easyJet will need tokeep track oftechnical developments in e-commerce andaircraft manufacturing inorder to compete against its rivals 2. 7ps Marketing Mix of Easyjet crossway Easy Jet is a flight booking company set(p) at London. Thebenefitsof Easy Jet being online and on teletext means that they are providing better margins this is where they are dedicated to customers digitally.Place non solely online but volume of sales are online so Easy Jet will shorten on this target market. Today, technology allows us to sell more goods to less people, which is far more efficient than selling fewer goods to more people. This is substantiate by Peppers and Rodgers in their Marketing concept. Peppers an advertising executive and Rogers a marketing scholar, their concepts addressed one to one marketingand how it concentrates on providing services or products to one customer at a time. This is by identifying and then encounter their individual needs.It then aims to repeat this many times with each customer, this is so consumers feel relationships are in place when perhaps they are forged. expenditure With Easy Jet being on the internet for such a long period it means it has cut out aspects such as the post, this is because tickets and boarding passes are now emailed to customers or printable online, therefore cutting out the middle man. forward motion Easy jets website is offered by means of search engines and travel/flight comparison websites, this is both advertising and selling their service.They also send members emails with promotional offers. Physical rise Although Easy Jet is based mainly online now, Easy Jet are still booked through travel agents or in the airport itself. Physically offline Easy Jet have recently in the earlier few months been advertising in Sainsburys stores by staff (uniformed Easy Jet T-shirts), advertising there new partnership. Physical evidence online differs, they have aspects such as security icon and policies in place which gives consumers a reason of security when booking online.People On Easy Jets website they have scratchs, such as blogs, FAQs and a whole section dedicate d to customer service to try and give consumers a sense that even though they are online they still have some form of contact to Easy Jet. Process As mentioned above Easy Jet integrates online and offline by having customer service in the airport and online. CASE make Product Easy jet is an low cost calculate airline as well as no frill. The easy brand has been drawn-out to other products. There are now easyinternet cafes,easycar,easymoney and new easycruise products.Price There 3 types of pricing which are Premium Pricing this is for specific segment of people for example apple targets for certain people. Low cost pricing which is for easyjet,targeting low cost price and low income people. Psycological pricing,99p instead of 1pound They use a low cost price to be competitive Place It means Distrubition . Distrubition has manufacturer,agents,wholesalers,retailers,consumers. The more distrubition you have ,the more expensive your products will be. easy jet has manufacturers and di rectly deals with consumers so they save money. lmost 90 percent of tickets are sold through the internet for the 10 percent agents sell so they sometimes deals with agents too. Promotion internet People Paperless opeartions since its launch easyjet have simplified its working practices by embracing the concept of the paperless office. they do everything online rather than people going to branches and taling case to face ,everthing can be done online so easyjet saves money for hiring less people Process Ticketless travel passengers,instead receive an email containing their travel details and confirmation number when they book online. his helps reduce importantly the costs of issuing,distrubuting,processing and accommodating millions of tickets each year Physical Evidence it means beauty,new planes ,comfort flights Each boeing is new 737 aircraft and has a list price in the region of 35million gbp. Therefore exploit utilisation of each aircraft reduces the unit cost NOTES FROM THE CASE STUDIES MARKETINGThe joint satisfactions of both suppliers and customers. The method is the process of shaping and managing the marketing mix in a way which takes into considerition the needs of the customer and the goals of the plaque at one and the same time.Marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from organisation to their customers. Chartered Institute of Marketing defines marketing as The management process which identifies ,anticipates and satisfies customer requirements effciently and profitably Professor Philip Kotler 1999 statesMarketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups get what they need and want through creating,offering and exchanging products of value with others. People dont only buy what they want to ,they buy them because of the value of products they require.Marketing is concerned with customers ,they are the main element in marketing not quality or products. If custo mers are demanding for new products features,marketing department will have to communicate these requirements to the production department to make provision for new processes and new machinery. On the other hand if the customer change their pattern of shopping or seek more information regarding the safe us of product ,the company may have to recruit new marketing executives to match up to the demand. )Using technology on easyjet One of the most all important(predicate) developments in the UK travel industry in the last 15 days is the growth of the budget or no frills airlines, easyJet and Ryanair. Both of these airlines were launched when new regulations made it easier to operate between countries within Europe and both used new technology and other methods to sell put, rather than through traditional high street travel agents.The growth of both companies has been exceptional and the airlines have used similar approaches in their business models * Use of the Internet to reduce di stribution costs easyJet was one of the first airlines to see the opportunity of the Internet when it sold its first seat online in April 1998. Now approximately 95 % of all seats are sold over the internet. * Maximise the time the aircraft is being used For both Ryanair and easyJet maximising the use of each aircraft reduces the overall cost of running the aircraft. Ticketless travel Passengers receive an email containing their travel details and booking reference when they book online, rather than a traditional ticket. This helps to reduce significantly the cost of issuing and processing millions of tickets each year. * No free dejeuner Not offering free catering on-board reduces cost. Passengers can purchase food on-board if they choose to. * Free seating Unlike traditional airlines, Ryanair and easyJet passengers are not assigned a seat, unless they pay extra to board first.This helps passengers to take their seats more quickly and saves time. * Efficient use of airports By reducing turnarounds (the time between landing and take-off) to 30 minutes and below, easyJet and Ryanair maximise the use of their aircraft. Not having pre-assigned seating, like traditional airlines, helps reduce turnaround times. * Reduced fares generally Ryanair and easyJet offer cheaper fares than traditional airlines, especilally for passengers who can book early and take advantage of the deals available.Easy JetMANAGEMENT 100 800 WORD SUMMARY 836 WORDS EXCLUDING REFERENCES EasyJet EasyJet skyway Company Limited headquartered at London Luton Airport is the UKs largest budget airline measured by number of passengers carried, operating domestic and multinational scheduled services. Easy Jet has grown through a conclave of acquisitions and base openings fuelled by consumer demand for low-cost air travel. Ryanair another budget airline is currently Easyjets biggest competition. EasyJet has conformed cost-cutting measures such as not selling connecting flights or providing complimentary snacks on board.The key points of this business model are high aircraft utilisation, quick turnaround times, charging for extras and keeping operating costs low however EasyJet flies mainly to primary airports. EasyJet also focuses on attracting business passengers by offering convenient services such as the Flexi fare which allows free of charge changes to the flight within a window, sprightly boarding and a checked in bag. General environment foreign dimension According to Samson and Daft (2009), general environment is stage of environment that affects the placement indirectly. It includes external factors that are not within an organization.One of the dimensions, international dimension is referring to factors that arise from foreign countries that will affect an organization. means that will either be an opportunity or threat to an organization will include having to encounter competition globally. An organization will have to face international competitors w here it trade on its own even though not involve in exports and operates domestically. Besides, it would be essential to learn to adapt to the changes and trend circulating around the world as technology advances as time passes and political events such as Iraq war.Apart from that, rise of economic power of China has a significant impact on the international prudence cod to the massive workforce, brainpower, population dynamics and abundant natural resources that many countries rely on. The always changing worldwide environment has very large impact on organization compared to domestic environment, demanding for great control of the organization. What is a competitive advantage A competitive advantage could be delineate as a unique position a firm develops in comparison with its competitors (Hyvonen 1995, 334).It is imperative for firms to understand what its competitive advantage is and take advantage of them as it can change rapidly (Anthony, Perrewe, Kacmar, 1996, p. 468). One of the ways to create a competitive advantage could be, through refuse prices or differentiation (Woodruff 1997, 139). Lower prices is a competitive advantage when a firm is able to sell their product cheaply to consumers. Lower prices may be dependent on lower costs, however lower cost itself is not a competitive advantage as it should come along with lower prices for the advantage to be formed (Kotha, Vadlamani 1995, 76).Differentiation can be achieved through, providing superior goods and services, through the firms image, flexibility, total supplies and speed (Kotha, Vadlamani, 1995, p. 76 Sashi, Stern, 1995, p. 126 Helms, Ettkin, 2000, p. 1) Easy jet as a buget airlines has set its competitive advantage through lower prices. How The International ratio Impacts Easy Jets Competitive avail There are many ways in which the International Dimension has affected Easy Jets Competitive Advantage. After the 9/11 attacks the airline industry suffered extensively. Passengers opted to use less of the big airlines.This allowed Easy Jet to be more successful as passengers were choosing their services over the big Airlines in Europe. When the number of people who used Easy Jets services increased it would have allowed the airlines to spread their fixed costs, which in turn reduces overall expenses and meant that they were in a position to lower their prices so impacting their competitive advantage in a positively contributing to the overall success of Easy Jet. (Easy Jets Market Structure 2012) Another factor in the International dimension that affects Easy Jets competitive advantage as that EU had ruled an Open Skies agreement which meant that Easy Jet was given the choice to serve flight paths that may have been unremarkably associated with some specific airlines. This allowed them to choose the routes that they preferred allowing them to choose routes that gave them the most benefits. (Easy Jets Market Structure 2012) Easy jet is also influenced by rising fuel prices. Increased fuel prices meant that the entire airline industry around the humanity and Europe had raised their prices.However, increasing fuel prices meant that even Easy Jet had to raise the price, and this does not work well with their low cost, low price strategy. Therefore there is a negative and positive effect by the rise of fuel prices (Topham 2012) Conclusion In conclusion, the international dimension of the general environment represents event originating in foreign countries as well as opportunities for Easy Jet in other countries. International dimension affects competitive advantage in various way. Easy Jet has proved to be robust and competitive in a tough general environment.This is due to its large competitive advantages, which is its low cost prices. However, it is the report on the overall international dimensions which affects the competitive advantages of Easy Jet shows that Easy Jet is a highly successful company, which is expanding rapidly. Besides, by en gaging with the international dimension, Easy Jet not only get more benefit from its competitive advantages but also increase its cash flow from operating activities end-to-end United Kingdom. References Anthony, William P. , Perrewe, Pamela L. nd Kacmar, Michele K. (1996) Strategic Human Resource Management, Fort charge Dryden Press Bamberger, Ingolf (1989) ontogeny Competitive Advantage in Small and Medium-Size Firms, large Range Planning, 22 (5) 80-88. Easy Jets Market Structure. 2012. Competitive Advantage and Developing a Competitive Advantage Over Rivals. Accessed September 18, http//www. 123helpme. com/view. asp? id=122608 Helms, Marilyn M. and Ettkin, Lawrence P. (2000) Time-Based conflict A Strategic Perspective, Competitiveness Review, 10 (2) 1-14.Hyvonen, Saara (1995) Competitive Advantage, Bargaining Power, and organisational murder The Case of Finnish Food Manufacturing Firms, Agribusiness, 11 (4) 333-348. Samson, Danny, and Richard L. Daft. 2009. Fundamentals of Management. Australia southwesterly Melbourne, Vic Cengage Learning Australia, 2009. Kotha, Suresh and Vadlamani, Bhatt L. (1995) Assessing Generic Strategies An Empirical Investigation of Two Competing Typologies in clear-cut Manufacturing Industries, Strategic Management Journal, 16 (1) 75-83.Sashi, C. M. and Stern, Louis W. (1995) Product Differentiation and Market Performance in Producer Goods Industries, Journal of Business Research, 33 (2) 115-127. Topham, Gwyn. 2012. EasyJet losses settle despite fuel cost rise. http//www. guardian. co. uk. /business/2012/may/09/easyjet-losses-narrow Woodruff, Robert B. (1997) Customer protect The Next Source for Competitive Advantage, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25 (2) 139-153.

Relationships between Gods and Mortals in The Odyssey Essay

The Ancient Greeks were a race of very religious race who believed sinewyly in their perfections and goddesses. Not only did they believe in the front line of their gods, they actuateually believed that the gods often intervened in their lives. out-of-pocket to such a strong belief, the Greeks held their gods in the highest regard and had the utmost respect and reverence for them. Furthermore, they established sealed types of alliances with their gods, usually non relation directs in a physical sense, but kinships nonetheless. some(prenominal) specimens of such relationships be evident by dint of the relationships demonstrated between characters of bell ringers epical, The Odyssey.One such relationship that the Greeks had with their gods were that they were forever trying to cheer them and in certain cases, their efforts were awarded. The Greeks all did their part to show respect for the gods through methods such as prayer and sacrifice, which argon both evident in Th e Odyssey. However, in some cases, it seems that such respect was mutual, as demonstrated by some of the relationships portrayed by homing pigeon. One such relationship was between Odysseus and genus Athene. The latter develops an extensive bond with the mere mortal because she sees herself in him. Due to this, she supporters Odysseus out on many occasions, like when she begs her father, genus genus genus Zeus, to allow her to aid Odysseus in his quest to find home. She pleads, correct saying, My own heart is broken for Odysseus (1. 68), and is competent to convince him. Only through Athenas pleading does Zeus have the incentive to dispatch Hermes to free Odysseus from Calypsos island, allowing him to lastly find home. some other object lesson of this type of relationship is between Athena and Telemachus, Odysseuss son. Only through her guidance does Telemachus mature as the epic progresses, learning his responsibilities as a prince and becoming more assertive. He eventually t akes charge, taking the initiative to find his father and confronting the suitors. An example of Athenas guidance is when visits Ithaca, giving him friendly advice under the disguise of being a stranger. She gives him a nudge in the right direction, at one contingent saying, If I were you, I should take steps to make these men shoot (1. 318-319). Yet another example of such positive divine discussion is through the relationship between Athenaand Penelope.The grey-eyed goddess respects Odysseus cunning married woman and sometimes soothes her loneliness by admirering her sleep. At the end of the epic, she even makes the night longer so that the lovers would have more time to pop out reacquainted. As bulls eye writes, The rose Dawn might have lay down them weeping still had not grey-eyed Athena slowed the night (23. 271-272). Athenas goodwill helped mortals on numerous occasions in The Odyssey, demonstrating an example of the relationship between the Greeks and Gods where the mo rtals reverence was rewarded.On the contrary, another type of relationship is where the gods are rather indifferent to the mortals, despite their praying and sacrificing. Examples of this are present in Homers epic as well. For example, as Zeus ponders the situation of Aigstos and Orests, he muses, exclaiming, My word, how mortals take the gods to task All their afflictions come from us, we heard. And what of their own failings (1. 48-50)? This is a entire example of how contrary to the belief of some mortals, the gods did not control every insignificant detail of their lives. The gods were at times uninterested in curious in mortal affairs. Another example of this relationship is through that of Zeus and Odysseus.Zeus admires Odysseus, asking Athena, Could I forget that kingly man, Odysseus (1. 87)? However, though Zeus knows exactly what has been going on with Odysseus and respects the wisdom of the mortal, he would not have taken the initiative to help him without Athenas plead ing, present his practically indifferent attitude. However, he is better off with a god indifferent to him than with a god holding a grudge against him.Another type of relationship is one in which the gods would punish mortals for certain things, utilize divine intervention to negatively influence their lives. One obvious example in The Odyssey is the relationship between Odysseus and Poseidon, the formers antagonist. Poseidon passionately hates Odysseus because he blinded the gods son, Polyphemus, in order to escape from the man-eating cyclops cave. The vexed god of the sea constantly tries to hamper Odysseuss attempts at returning home in any way possible. Another example of such relationship is when Odysseus men are punished for disobeying the gods. They are advise not to slaughter Helios, the Sun godscattle by Tiresias, as he says If you raid the beeves, I see destruction for ship and crew (12. 166-167). However, the crew ignores the advice and kills some cattle for food.This is a blasphemous act and they are punished for it when Zeus sends down lightening and thunder, and they all recur their lives. Only Odysseus survives, and he barely does so. Another example of such relationship is shown through the fear that the mortals had of displeasing the gods. For example, when a storm spurred by Aeoluss own winds brings Odysseus and his men back to Aeolus, the ruler of the wind suddenly refuses to help them because he is sure that they are cursed by the gods. Aeolus himself is scared to help them for fear that he himself will get on the bad perspective of a god.The Ancient Greeks obviously had relationships with the gods they worshipped in a miscellanea of forms. Not only did some have relationships where their respect was rewarded but others were not so lucky. Others had relationships where the gods were practically indifferent toward them. These mortals took matters into their own hands. But there are also the really unlucky ones, the mortals who had rel ationships with gods where the gods would actually intervene in their lives negatively. Homers The Odyssey demonstrates an assortment of such relationships.

Iv Therapy

Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is when a patient is inclined liquid substances directly into a vein. The word intravenous means within a vein. Therapies administered intravenously be often called specialty pharmaceuticals. IV therapy is commonly referred to as a dangle because many of the routes it is administered use a drip chamber, which prevents seam entering the blood stream and allows an idea of how much is flowing in to your body. Comp atomic number 18d with another(prenominal)(prenominal) ways of administration the intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver fluids and medications throughout the body.Some medications, as well as blood transfusions and fatal injections, drop only be given intravenously. The simplest form of IV therapy is given through a hypodermic needle. This kind of needle is hollow and allows for the drip to be administered directly to the vein. The needle can be directly wedded to a syringe or even to tubing that may be attached to a drip of whatever medication is needed. The needle is unremarkably put into a fringy vein, this is any vein not in the chest or abdomen. Any easily accessible vein can be used but most commonly veins in the pay or arm atomic number 18 used.In infants it is common to use the veins in the scalp. exchange IV lines flow through a catheter with its tip within a large vein, usually the superior vena cava, or inferior vena cava, or within the right atrium of the heart. This has several advantages over a peripheral IV. It can deliver fluids and medications that would be too irritating to peripheral veins because of their tautness or chemical substance composition. These include some chemotherapy drugs. Medications reach the heart immediately, and are quickly distributed to the rest of the body.However central IVs run a higher risk of giving you an infection, cause bleeding, and possibly even causing gangrene. A common reason to be hooked up to an IV is for dehydration therapy. Those unable o r unwilling to drink or who energize repetitive vomiting can receive fluid replacement IV. You are hooked up to a drip and your fluids and electrolytes are replaced through the IV in your hand or arm. There are two types of fluids that are used for intravenous drips crystalloids and colloids. Crystalloids are aqueous closures of mineral salts or other water-soluble molecules.Colloids contain larger insoluble molecules, such as gel blood itself is a colloid. The most commonly used crystalloid fluid is average saline, a solution of sodium chloride at 0. 9% assiduousness, which is close to the concentration in the blood. Ringers lactate or Ringers acetate is another isotonic solution often used for large-volume fluid replacement. A solution of 5% dextrose in water, sometimes called D5W, is often used kinda if the patient is at risk for having low blood sugar or high sodium. The choice of fluids may also depend on the chemical properties of the medications being given.

Got Milk Essay

In the fast paced world of today, advertisers exact to book up with the times. One of the best ways they do this is through the Got draw ads. Milk is a part of e re completely(prenominal)yday life sentence. The Got Milk foment is work throughn in all types of magazines from sports to beauty, featuring many different kinds of celebrities carrying their product. By putting long-familiar faces on magazine advertisements and using interesting television commercials, the company sell their products. It also gets mass to drink more draw and it is a very effective campaign.They are trying to reinforce that the calcium in draw keeps bones strong and helps prevent osteoporosis but is that the way everyone views the ads and commercial advertisements? The commencement ceremony Got Milk advertisement ran on October 29, 1993, and featured an extreme history yellowish brown receiving a call to answer a radio stations $10,000 trivia question , Who shot Alexander Hamilton in that famo us affaire dhonneur? The mans apartment is shown to be a sort of museum to the duel, jam-packed with artefacts.He answers the question correctly, but because his mouth is full of peanut butter and he has no take out to wash it down, the radio station couldnt make out his answer and he ran out of time. For most, this commercial would birth been just funny and funnyal but others werent so amused. somewhat history buffs said this was a disgrace to the Alexander Hamilton and said that it was bemock him. This just goes to show we all see things differently. Irony is the secret artillery to get the point across for this advertisement.There is a green look blonde with a low cut little black get dressed caressing her flawless soundbox with her arm around a martini methamphetamine filled with milk. She is seductively heel overing against a glass covered woody bar with a luring gleam in her eyes. Her and the milk are the master(prenominal) focus of this advertisement. In the pu nctuate is faded liquor and wine bottles. term looking at her you cannot take your eyes off of her milk moustache and the milk martini glass that got to touch her full pink lips. The irony of this advertisement is that out of all the handsome tall liquor bottles, she chose the thin lean martini with milk in it.Now maybe next time the attestator of this advertisement is consuming alcohol they lead think about having a nice cold refreshing glass of milk when they get home. plane though thats what the nitty-gritty of this cosmopolitan magazine was, some mothers do complaints saying that their daughters read their magazines and that it was promoting drinking alcoholic beverages with the martini and wine glasses all over the advertisement. Surely not all people remove the a interchangeable(p) views and opinion. Another Got Milk advertisement I would like to examine is the dot advertisement. When you think of dot what comes to mind?Do you think of his ability to vaporise? Mayb e, you think of his attractive face? Or possibly, you think of his rocking physique? window pane is a superiorstaric icon known by people of all different types. They see him as a credible character that devotes his life to saving the damsels in distress. At one moment or another(prenominal) in most peoples lifetime, they dream to be the hero in some situation. They hope to be recognized for their good whole kit and boodle and give credit to those that they look up to. Whether they are young or old, people do their best to imitate the actions of their icon, back breaker, every day.In this advertisement, the antecedent is trying to get people to drink more milk by making them believe that in order to be like superman they have to drink milk. The advertisement depicts superman floating high in the crystal blue sky surrounded by fluffy colour clouds. Superman is made to be the center of this picture because he is exaggerated compared to the background. Although his tights and the sky are a similar shade of blue, the boldface red makes him stand out. Superman also makes a statement because of the body language he displays.In the midst of this calm and serene background superman stands with his arms crossed, looking powerful and bold with a milk mustache. Although he looks a little silly with the milk mustache he has a very serious look on his face. The underlying message is that if you want to be as powerful and strong as superman you have to get down to business and drink your milk. In the represent advertisement the author is trying to persuade everyday people by making it seem as though the only reason superman has strong bones is because he drinks milk.The point of the advertisement is to make people think that if they drink milk they will feel great and have super strong bones like superman. This is exactly why comic book fanatics were furious over this ad. They said his strong bones and super powers came from his home planet Krypton and not from drink ing milk. We see this as silly but when someone is passionate about something they stick to it and feignt let it go. Even something so fictional can have an effect on how a person takes an ad. In conclusion the got milk campaign is a very well organized and structured campaign that makes others want to drink milk from seeing their role models with their milk mustaches. 18 years ago this campaign started and it is still grasping the attention of viewers. The macrocosm is getting healthier from drinking more milk at that placefore these got milk advertisements must be working. The Got Milk campaign and there white mustaches will be around for a very long time further people to drink more milk but if people see the innocent Got Milk campaign as offensive then there will always be people that dont like what their lo.

Analysing A Contract Of Affreightment Engineering Essay

This is Scenario where we suck in to take genius-year Contract of Affreightment ( COA ) to provide 1,750,000 measuredal short slews of Fe ore to the Isdemir Fe & A steel work, flop. COA wince where get off proprietor agrees to trans stylus a series of freightage packages for a fixed monetary treasure per long ton ( Stop Ford M, 2009, pg.183 ) or it is an beneathstanding between an proprietor and a plighter to trans de rec each(prenominal)(a)or a habituated saloon of encumbrance or bank bill as essential by the charterer during a pretendn period of clip. The proprietor is free to make up ones mind which vessel he lead utilize. As Operation director of Comp either we have to describe fall step forward whether to offer for this foreshorten or non. In the shove two turn on ways ar Ponda zone attorney Madeira ( brazil ) for 810,000 metrical tons and eastern United States intercourse Is, Dampier ( Australia ) for 940,000 Fe ore.Based on the appraisa l, Manager has to sink the little cartridge clip charter site by best thinkable doing of the majority bearer. For take a chanceing Time charter tantamount rank we have to see several agents sand traps, port charges, pukeal dues. Stowage factor for Fe ore is 0.40 M3 per metric ton. All Cargo turn outs are of equal majority and surrogate bedevils 2, 4, 6 & A 8 are empty. In this scenario port charges for Isdemir and Ponta da Madeira is given. Dampier port be to be calculated merely prattle port dues and sailplaning merely. channelize sand trap is to be think one time in a social social unit of ammo marine tour. It is to be taken wherever monetary mensurate is cheaper. Current merchandise value is attached in extension.Now, I depart discourse the all(prenominal) inquiry in item one by one as follows.Undertaking 1Calculate the maximal measure of Fe ore that sewer be carried from each soused port, based on the transmit s fancy bill of exchange deadweigh t, and the send off s clasp useFor the calculation of upper limit measure of Fe that move roll in the hay transport depends on the deadweight of the get off. Deadweight is normally denotes Ship transporting capacity in metric tons.Deadweight intromits weight of Fuel, shops, urine, unvaried which need onboard charge.Deadweight of this majority bearer is given as 137,000 metric tonsDwt of ship =137,000tChangeless = 500tFresh piss = 300tSince Constant and Fresh H2O unavoidable all the clip on-board ship. So, we subtract it from ship transporting capacity.Now, Ship outhouse transport = 136, 200tThis value besides implicates the Fuel weight for one unit of ammunition marine journey tear nautical incite ponta dominion attorney Madeira ( brazil-nut tree ) -Isdemir ( genus Meleagris gallopavo ) -ponta da Madeira ( Brazil ) Sea Distance between Isdemir- ponta dominion attorney Madeira = 5201 nanometer ( via Gibraltar )( Please lift to http //e-ships.net/dist.htm viewed on 24th Sep. 2010 ) rhythm method the maritime trip outmatch = 10,402 nanometerShip speed= 14.2 ( give ) constitutional Sea clip needful cover above distance = 30.5 yearssSing 10 % possible delays= 33.6 yearss ( 1 ) port wine TimeHarmonizing to the Appendices 1 & A 2 of the contract freightage/Discharging rate shall be 40,000 W.M.T ( Wet Metric Tonnes ) per conditions works 24 seconds.If we consider freightages that ship sess transport with changeless and odorous Water = 136, 200t ( 3 ) freightage rate at Ponda territory attorney Madeira = 40,000 w.m.t. gravelly laytime in port Ponda district attorney Madeira = 3.05 yearssDispatching rate at Isdemir = 40,000 w.m.tApproximate Laytime in Isdemir = 3.05 yearss spotless clip in ports = 6.1 yearssSing 10 % possible hold s = 6.7 yearss ( 2 )From ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) wide-cut figure of yearss for one ocean trip = 40.3 yearssAs heading locomotive engine fuel ingestion is 42.4t of IFO per 24 hours at MCR and 10t of MDO per xxiv hours at ocean and in port.IFO required for 33.6 yearss = 1424 T ( 1a )MDO required for 33.6 yearss = 336 T ( 2a )MDO required in port for 6.7 yearss = 67 T ( 2c ) total Tonnes of fuel occupy =1826 T ( 4 )From ( 3 ) & A ( 4 )Now, utmost Fe ore that Ship can transport for this routes = 134, 374t( B ) Round ocean trip Dampeir ( Australia ) Isdemir ( Meleagris gallopavo ) Dampier ( Australia )Sea TimeSea Distance between Isdemir- Dampeir ( Australia ) = 6479nm ( via Suez )( Please refer to http //e-ships.net/dist.htm viewed on 24th Sep. 2010 )Round the ocean trip distance = 12,958 nanometerShip speed = 14.2 ( inclined )Entire Sea clip required cover above distance = 3 8.0 yearssSing 10 % possible hold s = 41.8 yearss ( 5 ) porthole TimeHarmonizing to the Appendices 1 & A 2 of the contract loading/Discharging rate shall be 40,000 W.M.T ( Wet Metric Tonnes ) per conditions working xxiv hours.If we consider ca rgos that ship can transport with changeless and fresh Water = 136, 200tLoading rate at Dampier = 40,000 w.m.t.Approximate laytime in port Dampier = 3.05 twenty-four hoursDispatching rate at Isdemir = 40,000 w.m.tApproximate Laytime in Isdemir = 3.05 yearssEntire clip in ports = 6.1 yearssSing 10 % possible hold s = 6.7 yearss ( 6 )From ( 5 ) and ( 6 )Entire no of yearss for one ocean trip = 48.5 yearssEntire Requirement of Fuel for oneness Round naval tripAt SeaAs chief engine fuel ingestion is 42.4t of IFO per twenty-four hours at MCR and 10t of MDO per twenty-four hours at sea and in port.IFO required for 41.8 yearss = 1424 T ( 7a )MDO required for 41.8 yearss = 336 T ( 7b )MDO required in port for 6.7 yearss = 67 T ( 7c )Entire Tonnes of fuel Required =2,258 T ( 7 )From ( 3 ) & A ( 7 )Now, upper limit Fe ore that Ship can transport for this routes = 133, 942tUndertaking 2Calculate the constitute per metric ton of encumbrance from each lading port to Isdemir. The circular ocean trip hails per metric tons are required for and up and running play service, get downing at the lode ports.For the computation of damage per tones in each ocean trip we have to happen out cost incurred by port operation, fuel use, canal theodolite, running the vas. On the footing of trip cost, running cost and lading carried by ship we can happen the Cost per metric ton. Now we get out happen Voyage cost and running cost based on given informations and consequences of inquiry 1.( a ) Ponda district attorney Madeira -Isdemir-Ponda district attorney MadeiraWe allow happen the Fuel cost foremost. We know Entire tones of IFO and MDO required for one unit of ammunition ocean tripFrom ( 1a ) , ( 2b ) & A ( 2c )Entire tones of IFO required = 1424 TEntire tones of MDO required =403 TIFO= $ 435 /tonesMDO= $ 640 /tones( Please refer hypertext ship protocol //www.bunkerworld.com viewed on 24th Sep.2010 )Cost for 1424 T of IFO = $ 619, 440Cost for 403 T of MDO = $ 257, 920Entire fuel cost = $ 877, 360 ( 8 ) expression CostPort cost given for these two ports are as followsPonda district attorney Madeira ( Brazil ) = $ 45,000Isdemir ( Turkey ) = $ 35,000Entire port cost = $ 80,000 ( 9 )On this trail at that place entrusting non be both canal dues as vas will sail via GIBRALTAR, so there is no canal cost on this elbow roomway.There is no CANAL DUESSo, from ( 8 ) & A ( 9 ) oceanic trip Cost = $ 957, 360 ( 10 )Runing CostAS Ship running cost given as $ 6000 per twenty-four hours which include rewards of crew, care of ship, shop, insurance, disposal etc.From ( 1 ) & A ( 2 ) consummate no of yearss for one unit of ammunition ocean trip = 40.3 yearssRuning cost for 40.3 yearss = $ 241,553 ( 11 )From ( 10 ) & A ( 11 )Run COST + sail COST = $ 1, 19 8,193 ( 12 )Now from ( 3 ) & A ( 4 )Maximum lading that ship can transport = 134, 37 4t ( 13 )So, from ( 12 ) & A ( 13 )We have wide-cut ocean trip cost, running cost and lading that ship can transport for unit of ammunition the ocean trip.Cost per metric ton = $ 8.91( B ) maritime trip Dampier ( Australia ) -Isdemir ( Turkey ) Dampier ( Australia ) Fuel CostFrom the ( 7a ) , ( 7b ) , ( 7c ) we can easy happen the entire measure of IFO and MDO required for one unit of ammunition Ocean tripEntire tones of IFO necessitate =1773 TEntire tones of MDO needed=485tTaking market symbolise sand trap monetary value as follows IFO= $ 435 /tonesMDO= $ 640 /tones( Please refer hypertext transfer protocol //www.bunkerworld.com viewed on 24th Sep.2010 )Entire cost for 1773t of IFO = $ 771, 255Entire cost for 485 T of MDO= $ 310, 400Entire fuel cost = $ 1081655 ( 14 )PORT CostPort cost for Isdemir ( Turkey ) = $ 35,000 ( given )Port cost Dampier is to be calculated on the sing port dues and navigation charges merely. We can entree order of business charges by Dampier port authorization by sing by-line site which is besides attached in appendix and mentioned in mentions.( hypertext transfer protocol //www.dpa.wa.gov.au/Port-Facilities/Schedule-of-DPA-Charges.aspx/ HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol //www.dpa.wa.gov.au/Port-Facilities/Schedule-of-DPA-Charges.aspx/ Access on Sep. 24 Entree on Sep. 24, 2010 )As GT of ship is given 73,999tPort due charges are to be calculated=0.1916/tonnesPort dues will be= $ 14178.20 ( 15 )We will non see Lay-up tippytoe as vas has holy order does nt necessitate to be at ground tackle water travel CAHRGES For the vas entrance and going from the port greater than 10,000 GRT the navigation charges are $ 8,846.64 for both ways. We will besides see the navigation Exemption fee $ 810.So, Entire navigation charges would be = $ 9656.64 ( 16 )From ( 15 ) & A ( 16 )Port cost at Dampier = $ 23, 834 ( 17 )So when calculate the Port cost for Isde mir ( Turkey ) with Port cost at DampierEntire port cost round the ocean trip = $ 58834 ( 18 ) television channel CostOn this routes vas would be go throughing through Suez Canal, so we have to happen the Toll charges by canal authorization on both manner that is with loaded ship and barretter ship.Suez Canal net tonnage duty ( somatic cell nuclear transplantation ) =67,109t( Mentioning hypertext transfer protocol //www.suezcanal.gov.eg/calc.aspx Access on Sep. 24th 2010 )On this formalized site of Suez Canal 1 can happen approximative chime charges per theodolite based on SCNT. These are as followsDampier Isdemier ( loaded ship ) = $ 151, 995,Isdemier Dampier ( ballast ship ) = $ 129, 288These values are calculated with the aid of formalised Suez Canal site which attach in appendix of this study.Entire cost Canal dues round the voyages= $ 281283 ( 19 )From ( 14 ) , ( 18 ) , ( 19 ) .Voyage cost= $ 1, 421, 772 ( 20 )Run CostEntire no of yea rss for one unit of ammunition ocean trip =48.5 yearssAs running cost per twenty-four hours for ship= $ 6000 ( given )Runing cost for ocean trip for 48.5 daytimes= $ 291, 000 ( 21 )Ocean trip cost + Running cost together will give entire disbursals for coveted figure of lading.From ( 20 ) & A ( 21 )Ocean trip cost + Running cost= $ 1, 712, 722 ( 22 )Now, we have Voyage cost, running cost, Fe ore that ship can transport so we can happen out the Cost per unit.Maximum lading that ship can carry=134, 374tFrom ( 22 )Cost per metric ton = $ 12.75 ( 23 )Undertaking 3Calculate the clip charter equivalent ( TCE ) for each caterpillar tread, presuming a COA cargo rate of $ 15 per metric ton ( antique Ponta da Madeira ) and $ 20 per metric ton ( ex Dampier ) ( include 3 % agent s citizens committee on the clip charter ) .Ponda district attorney Madeira -Isdemir-Ponda district attorney Madeira shipment rate given for this Voyage is $ 15 per metric ton. If we consider that ship carries Maximum lading in a ocean trip.From ( 13 )Maximum lading that ship can carry= 134, 374tRate = $ 15per metric tonSo, Entire cargo for 134, 374t of Fe ore = $ 2, 015, 610 staring(a) ( 24 )This staring(a) value includes the 3 % agent committee, therefore subtracting that from realize value.Net cargo value = $ 1, 955, 142 cyberspace ( 25 )Now, in order to happen out Time charter equivalent ( TCE ) that includes the ocean trip cost and does nt include the running cost. TCE is a standard industry step of the mean day-to-day gross public innovation of a vas. The TCE rate achieved on a given ocean trip is expressed in US $ /day and is by and large calculated by deducting ocean trip disbursals, including sand traps and port charges, from ocean trip gross which will give make ocean trip senseless. Then spliting by entire no of yearss in ocean trip will give Gross day-to-day bare(a).From ( 10 ) & A ( 25 )Gross Voyage trim= $ 997, 782Dividing this value by no of yearss in ocean trip will give us Gross day-to-day excessEntire no of yearss 40.3 yearssGross day-to-day excess = $ 24, 758Now, if we include 3 % agent committee so it will give usTime charter Equivalent = $ 742, 74 per twenty-four hours( B ) Ocean trip Dampier ( Australia ) -Isdemir ( Turkey ) Dampier ( Australia ) Freight rate for this ocean trip given is $ 20 per metric ton in the comparable we can happen the Time charter value for this pathMaximum lading that ship can carry=133, 942tRate= $ 20 per metric tonFreight earned in one unit of ammunition voyage= $ 267, 8840 grossSubtracting 3 % agent committee from above gross value = 259, 847, 5 ( 26 )Subtracting ocean trip disbursals from above will give us gross ocean trip excessFrom ( 20 ) & A ( 26 ) 1, 421, 772Gross ocean trip excess value= $ 1, 176, 703If we divide this by no of yearss in a ocean trip so it will give usGross day-to-day excess = $ 2 4, 261Adding 3 % agent committee to above will give us Time charter tantamount valueTime charter value= $ 7, 278, 3 per twenty-four hoursUndertaking 4Calculate the figure of the cargos needed to finish the entire Fe ore tunnages from each lading port and the ship velocities required for all bit spaced seafarings end-to-end the twelvemonth.( a ) Ponda district attorney Madeira -Isdemir-Ponda district attorney MadeiraNumber of cargos needed on this path to finish the contract can establish on the footing of ship transporting capacity.On this path upper limit lading that ship can transport = 134, 374t press out ore to transported through this path = 810,000t ( wedded )If we divide Iron ore measure to the maximal lading that ship can transport, that will give us figure of cargos required to finish the contract.No of cargos = 7Here, Ship requires seafaring of 7 times with laden lading and 6 times as ballast ship in order to finish the contract.Ship velocity on this path can be adju sted to 14.0 knots which will give 44 twenty-four hours s unit of ammunition ocean trip seafaring. This manner, it can be 44 yearss of every bit spaced seafaring over about 295 yearss.( B ) Ocean trip Dampier ( Australia ) -Isdemir ( Turkey ) Dampier ( Australia ) Same manner, we can happen for this path excessively.Maximum lading that ship can carry=121102tEntire measure of Iron ore to be transported=940,000tDividing measure of Fe ore by maximal lading that ship can transport will give usNo of shipments=8In this instance ship is required to pass through Suez Canal 8 times with laden lading and 7 times as ballast ship for the completion of contract. So, canal dues are different for laden ship and ballast ship, wherefore to be considered carefully.Ship velocity on this path can be adjusted to 14.1 knots with laden lading and 14.2 knots with ballast ship which will give 52 yearss of circular ocean trip seafaring. So, each ocean trip could be of every bit disconnected 52 yearss. On this path, at least one cargo required to be completed by other ship which could be the ship on Ponda district attorney Madeira path. . If 52 yearss round ocean trip seafaring is to be considered with one ship, it will take about 395 yearss which is beyond the contracted period. Initially, one ship can get down the lading work on this path and subsequently, can be joined by ship which will run on the Ponda district attorney Madeira path.Entire 2 ships will be required for completion of needed tunnage of Fe ore and contract.Undertaking 5Sum up the bearer s contractual duties in reckon ofA A A A a ) Requirements for ships on the contractA A A A B ) Nominating ships for each cargoA A A A degree Celsius ) care the loading ballad can schedule and effects for nonA A A A vitamin D ) Delays and divergencys en pathA A A A vitamin E ) Presentment on reaching at shoot and overleap ports.This is contract publicized by General board of directors of ISDEMIR for pellets, ball and all indem nify Fe ore. Duration of the contract is clearly mentioned in the contract. beat tunnage allowance is given as A10 % to be considered for reasoning the contract between ISDEMIR and Carrier. There are several issue which whitethorn impact the services over the period of clip. It may be type of vas, cargo, punishment, cargo rate, payment, and 3rd party engagement, cancellation of contract, strong suit majeure, and public presentation bond. This issue can be discussed in summarized signifier as beneathRequirement for ships on the contractCarrier has to utilize the ship which he enlisted in his offer or whatsoever change should be through with permission of ISDEMIR and trafficker. If ship is of foreign flag so it will requires invoke of Import section. Ship should non be of south Cyprus flag in any instance. Ship has to be with clean holds and ready for lading in all facets. Ship s lading clasp hatches should be prove for H2O stringency by categorization of society. vas should h old P & A I club insurance to cover the charter period. Concluding demand for ship is that it should hold category throughout the contractual period certified by categorization of society.Nominating ship for each cargoNomination of vessel shall take topographic point 20 yearss prior to commencement day of the month of lading laycan. In failure to make so ISDEMIR has entirely decline to impact the conveyance on the footing of name and memorial of bearer. All the discipline to sing cancellation of day of the month of ballad yearss is reticent by ISDEMIR, Carrier has agreed to revised ballad yearss. Loading laycan agenda has to be agreed by three party ISDEMIR, marketer and bearer. Loading laycan agreed upon by ISDEMIR and bearer before contract should non divert. However, if bearer prayer change of lading laycan so ISDEMIR will hold all right to accept or reject it. It will be treated as without lading laycan even if it is pass by ISDEMIR. The full demurrage claim by marketer w hich may originate due to change in lading laycan agenda shall be borne bearer. If ISDEMIR rejects the change so bearer has to follow master copy laycan other than it may take heavy punishment, cancellation of contract. It is discussed in following subdivision.Keeping the loading laycan agenda and effects for nonLoading laycan factor is really of merchandise in this contract as it is involved with keeping agenda, change of vas, or any hold which may impact agenda of peculiar vas. both hold which is caused by vas without informing ISDEMIR may ensue in terrible punishment or expiration of contract. All the losingss, amendss or any claim by marketer should be borne by bearer under this status irrespective of original laycan. If the burden laycan is affected except the force majeure, bearer will be expert to pay USD $ 3,000 for each twenty-four hours up to 5 yearss, from 5th twenty-four hours onwards he will pay US $ 6,000 per twenty-four hours. If the hold period exceeds 15 yearss ISDEMIR has right to call off the contract. ISDEMIR has the right to acquire the same conveyance trade done by another ship-owner/charterer. If loading laycan agenda is effected by force majeure event so vas will non invalidate any liabilities due to this. Any hold should non transcend more than 15 yearss otherwise ISDEMIR will hold all right and same trade may be fulfilled by same bearer or another ship-owner/charterer. Any hold occurred should be approved by ISDEMIR and invariably report to them otherwise at one time more bearer will be apt for all losingss, amendss and claims.Delaies and divergences en pathAny hold which will happen during the contract period excepting force majeure event apt for punishment if it is non approved by ISDEMIR. Carrier should do certain that any alteration in lading laycan reported to ISDEMIR punctually approved. In any instance hold period should non transcend 15 yearss if this happens ISDEMIR will hold all right to take any action which they think appropriate. If the hold occurred at lading port bearer shall be apt to pay US $ 5,000 per twenty-four hours and US $ 10,000 per twenty-four hours after 10th twenty-four hours.In the contract under General term subdivision 12 it is clearly mentioned that divergence from direct path should non happen except for the fuel replenishment or force majeure without ISDEMIR blessing. Once vas is loaded it should direct canvas to droping port without naming any port.Presentment of reaching at burden and discharge portsCarrier or shipmaster has to give the definite ETA and tunnage to be loaded. Vessel geting at lading port should give the verification to ISDEMIR, marketer of 10 yearss, 7days, 48 hour, 24 hour prior reaching to lading port. In instance of dispatching port it has to follow same process that is inform marketer and ISDEMIR, sum loaded unequivocal ETA for ISDEMIR port prior 10 yearss, 7days,48 hour and 24 hour.All the presentment or preparedness at burden port should be received d uring weekdays Monday-Friday between 0800 to 1700 hour and on Saturday between 0900 to 1300 hours. Any key after 1300 hours on Saturday shall be count as 0800 hours of following on the job twenty-four hours. Notice of preparedness can be tendered mundane between 0800 to 1700 hours and any notice after this clip will considered at 0800 hours of following twenty-four hours. Laytime will be counted after 24 hours of tendering and credence of the notice of preparedness.Undertaking 6Sum up your reserve sing costs and gross, finishing the cargos to agenda and the suitability of the ships for the COA. Recommend, with ground, whether the company should or should non subject a command for this contract, based on current cargo market conditions and any other relevant considerations.The contract invites freight offers $ 15 per metric ton ( antique Ponda da Madeira ) and $ 20 per metric ton ( ex Dampier ) for the 810,000 and 940,000 tunnage of Fe ore severally. In the ocean trip appraisal cost per metric ton for antique share district attorney Madeira and ex Dampier comes $ 10.57 and $ 16.65 severally ( delight see the stick out sheet ) . Gross ocean trip excess for antique Ponda district attorney Madeira path is $ 748,623 and gross day-to-day excess is $ 16,983 per twenty-four hours whereas Gross ocean trip excess on ex Dampier path is $ 644,958 and gross day-to-day excess is $ 12,412 per twenty-four hours. Now, if Net ocean trip excess to be discussed on ex Ponda district attorney Madeira path once more it gives really sound figure with $ 484,138 while on ex Dampier path it is $ 333,175.The net day-to-day excess on antique Ponda district attorney Madeira path is $ 10,983 per twenty-four hours and on the ex Dampier path it is $ 6,412 per twenty-four hours ( delight see excel sheet ) Here, this is clear that antique Ponda district attorney Madeira path is more profitable asnet day-to-day excess on this path higher than ex Dampier path. Ex Ponda district attorney Madeir a path more money generating and can be easy completed with every bit spaced seafaring over the contract period.Cargos required on the both the path ex Ponda district attorney Madeira and ex Dampier path are 7 and 8. On the ex Ponda district attorney Madeira path it will take 295 yearss with 44 yearss every bit spaced piloting which can be easy fulfilled. On the other manus, on the ex Dampier path it will take 395 yearss complete the contract with one ship. So, it is required to hold one cargo acquire done with another ship. This could be the ship which runs on ex Ponda da path. The ship which will run on the ex Ponda district attorney Madeira path will hold adequate clip to finish the needed tunnage of Fe ore hence can be easy do one cargo on the ex Dampier path. Capsize ship will be most conform to for this contract as they can easy raise the over 100,000 metric tons of lading. Capsize ship